Exercise in Identifying Effective Thesis Statements

Exercise in Identifying Effective Thesis Statements This activity will assist you with understanding the contrast between a successful and ineffectual postulation proclamation, ie a sentence that distinguishes the primary thought and focal reason for a paper. Guidelines For each pair of sentences beneath, select the one that you think would make the more viable postulation in the initial passage of a short article (roughly 400 to 600 words). Remember that a compelling postulation explanation ought to be pointedly engaged and explicit, not only a general proclamation of certainty. When youre done, you might need to examine your answers with your schoolmates, and afterward contrast your reactions and the recommended answers on page two. Be prepared to guard your decisions. Since these proposal articulations show up outside the setting of complete articles, all reactions are careful decisions, not outright assurances. (a) The Hunger Games is a sci-fi experience movie dependent on the novel of a similar name by Suzanne Collins.(b) The Hunger Games is an ethical quality story about the risks of a political framework that is overwhelmed by the wealthy.(a) There is no doubt that PDAs have transformed ourselves in a major way.(b) While phones give opportunity and versatility, they can likewise turn into a chain, convincing clients to answer them anyplace and at any time.(a) Finding a vocation is rarely simple, yet it tends to be particularly hard when the economy is as yet feeling the impacts of a downturn and businesses are hesitant to employ new workers.(b) College understudies searching for low maintenance work should start their hunt by exploiting work discovering assets on campus.(a) For as long as three decades, coconut oil has been unjustifiably reprimanded as a conduit stopping up immersed fat.(b) Cooking oil is plant, creature, or engineered fat that is utilized in broiling, preparing, and dif ferent sorts of cooking.(a) There have been more than 200 motion pictures about Count Dracula, the greater part of them without a doubt, inexactly dependent on the novel distributed by Bram Stoker in 1897.(b) Despite its title, Bram Stokers Dracula, a movie coordinated by Francis Ford Coppola, mistreats Stokers tale. (a) There are a few stages that educators can take to empower scholastic trustworthiness and reduce cheating in their classes.(b) There is a scourge of cheating in Americas schools and universities, and there are no simple answers for this problem.(a) J. Robert Oppenheimer, the American physicist who coordinated the structure of the primary nuclear bombs during World War II, had specialized, moral, and political explanations behind restricting the improvement of the hydrogen bomb.(b) J. Robert Oppenheimer regularly alluded to as the dad of the nuclear bomb, was conceived in New York City in 1904.(a) The iPad has changed the versatile figuring scene and made an enormous benefit stream for Apple.(b) The iPad, with its moderately huge top notch screen, has assisted with renewing the comic book industry.(a) Like other addictive practices, Internet habit may have genuine pessimistic outcomes, including scholastic disappointment, work misfortune, and a breakdown in close to home relationsh ips.(b) Drug and liquor fixation is a significant issue on the planet today, and numerous individuals experience the ill effects of it. (a) When I was a kid I used to visit my grandma in Moline each Sunday.(b) Every Sunday we visited my grandma, who lived in a minimalistic home that was unquestionably haunted.(a) The bike was presented in the nineteenth century and quickly developed into an overall phenomenon.(b) In a few different ways, bikes today areâ better than they were 100 or even 50 years ago.(a) Although numerous assortments of beans have a place in a sound eating routine, among the most nutritious are dark beans, kidney beans, chickpeas, and pinto beans.(b) Although beans are commonly bravo, a few sorts of crude beans can be risky if theyre not very much cooked. Proposed Answers (b) The Hunger Gamesâ is a profound quality story about the threats of a political framework that is ruled by the wealthy.(b) While PDAs give opportunity and portability, they can likewise turn into a chain, convincing clients to answer them anyplace and at any time.(b) College understudies searching for low maintenance work should start their pursuit by exploiting work discovering assets on campus.(a) For as far back as three decades, coconut oil has been unfairly censured as a course obstructing soaked fat.(b) Despite its title, Bram Stokers Dracula, a movie coordinated by Francis Ford Coppola, mistreats Stokers novel.(a) There are a few stages that instructors can take to support scholastic honesty and abridge cheating in their classes.(a) J. Robert Oppenheimer, the American physicist who coordinated the structure of the main nuclear bombs during World War II, had specialized, moral, and political explanations behind contradicting the advancement of the hydrogen bomb.(b) The iPad, with its moderately huge superior quality screen, has assisted with rejuvenating the comic book industry. (a) Like other addictive practices, Internet compulsion may have genuine pessimistic outcomes, including scholarly disappointment, work misfortune, and a breakdown in close to home relationships.(b) Every Sunday we visited my grandma, who lived in a minimalistic home that was verifiably haunted.(b) In a few different ways, bikes today areâ better thanâ they were 100 or even 50 years ago.(a) Although numerous varietiesâ of beans have a place in a sound eating regimen, among the most nutritious are dark beans, kidney beans,â chickpeas, and pinto beans.

Motivation Theories Within Organization Free Essays

string(78) most of us can all the while be at a few degrees of the hierarchy. These days it is generally acknowledged that the most significant asset of any organization are its representatives; in this manner able chief need to have the reasonable understanding what persuades their subordinates to accomplish powerful execution as from productivity of their work the achievement of the association depends. Therefore, the assignment of administrator comprises in however much as could be expected successfully to utilize work force openings. In autonomy on the director choice the impact from it very well may be gotten possibly in the event that if this choice would effectively be typified in the employees’ issues. We will compose a custom article test on Inspiration Theories Within Organization or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now Furthermore, it can happen possibly in the event that if laborers are keen on aftereffects of the work. Thus, it is important to spur the individual, to instigate to activity. â€Å"Motivation is a blend of requirements that impact conduct and action† (Kressler, 2003). On the off chance that if a representative is to effectively finish an errand in any association, the individual in question requires inspiration, execution limit and advancement potential so as to initiate abilities, encounters, gifts and imaginative energies, and arrive at organization goals.The principle reason for this task is the thought and examination of inspiration hypotheses (content procedure speculations), on which based the cutting edge the executives inside association, for successful human asset the board. Hence it is important to look at these speculations as far as its quality and shortcomings and furthermore down to earth significance in getting what and how to inspire worker for association. So as to pick up the essential information about the hypotheses of inspiration the Maslow’s hypothesis of need will be thought of and broke down regarding its quality and shortcomings and furthermore useful importance in organization.In his notable hypothesis Abraham Maslow suggested that people have a fundamental arrangement of necessities and that this needs are orchestrated as order of requirements. (Maslow, Abraham H. , 1987) Maslow (1987) likewise asserted that singular conduct relies upon which need among the progressive system of necessities is rule at present second. Simultaneously, every individual has prerequisites of every one of the five needs, while the power of every necessity, during any solid time, relies upon individual needs of the individual.Thus, contingent upon these needs the chain of importance of requirements is manufactured. To be sure, supervisor who educated about the degree of requirements of his subordinates will ready to foresee which sort of necessities will be overwhelmed in their conduct; thus the best inspiration can be picked. By and large, the hypothesis proposes the five phases of requirements as indicated by Maslow (1987). So as to have the away from of Maslow’s order of necessities the essential phases of the hypothesis will be considered quickly below.At the base of the progression is mental need which dependent on physical drives including fundamental an d essential needs of the person. With respect to association it is requirements for a compensation, occasion, arrangement of benefits, the breaks, good working conditions, light, warming and ventilation. Subsequent to fulfilling essential physiological needs the security became individual’s principle concern. This need reflect want to keep up grants and position previously got and furthermore to shield themselves from peril, hurt, dangers, injuries, misfortunes or deprivations.Within the associations this need have the type of representatives battle for wellbeing work, presentation of the status framework and the association of worker's organizations, safe working conditions, side advantages, the protection and the severance pay (Kreitner, 2007). Since the organic and wellbeing needs are arrived at the consideration of individual spotlight on his requirement for companionship, love and his frill. The person as â€Å"social being† feel want to be alluring for other people and need to fulfill their socia l needs in the organization.It happens by method of entering in formal and casual work gatherings and by joint effort with others (Kreitner, 2007). Maslow (1987) asserted that once individuals start to fulfill their association needs, they need to be regarded by others. Such need as regard legitimately can be separated onto two sorts. The first is a requirement for confidence or fulfillment without anyone else. The confidence is firmly associated with sentiment of direction accomplishment, capability, information, a development and conditions. The subsequent sort is requirement for regard by others. This need is associated with notoriety, social acknowledgment, the status into work group.In any association of an honor which can fulfill requirement for regard incorporate privileged titles, different types of the acknowledgment, extra commitments and advancement (Maslow, Abraham H. , 1987). Maslow orchestrates the need of self-completion as the most elevated in the progressive system of need. At the point when the necessities of four base levels are fulfilled the individual concentrates on fulfillment the need of self-realization. By attempting to arrive at it the individual endeavor to understand the entire potential to expand his capacities and to be â€Å"the best†. Such requirement for self-articulation is most noteworthy of every single human need as indicated by Maslow (1987).In short, the way that the human needs conceivable to mastermind in a progressive request has an incredible significance. Right off the bat, the requirements of the base levels ought to be fulfilled as a matter of first importance, simply after that it is conceivable to deliver to necessities of more elevated levels. Furthermore, it is important to consider that the requirements of the most minimal levels structure the establishment on which the necessities of the most elevated levels manufactured. Possibly on the off chance that if the requirements of the most reduced level stay fulfilled the supervisor gets an opportunity to get fruitful by inspiring subordinates through fulfillment of more elevated level needs.The thought of adequacy is likewise significant as the individual will never has sentiment of full fulfillment of their needs. Most of individuals need more wellbeing, companions, regard and fearlessness independent of what number of they have just accomplished. In this manner, the individual moves upwards on the chain of importance not for a situation when his needs are totally fulfilled and when they are sufficiently fulfilled. As Frank J. at al. (2010) asserted that Maslow hypothesis is more a hypothesis of human advancement than one of work inspiration. Without a doubt, the fundamental job of this hypothesis plays the instinct which is the best clarification of its popularity.However, from the perspective of solid administration activities Maslow’s approach has various lacks. As a matter of first importance, most of us can at the same time be at a few degrees of the chain of importance. You read Inspiration Theories Within Organization in class Papers Also it is the incredibly hard to characterize level of the requirements by fulfilling which it will be conceivable to rouse individual at certain second. Halfway the issue happens because of it is hard to separate little, minor modifications in needs which happen every day, from progressively significant changes in human needs. (Sapru, 2006). Unpredictability is additionally emerges at estimation of the individual needs. Most of worker experiences issues by the meaning of their own needs and at course of action of needs. The director, who ought to make the persuasive condition for his subordinates, faces the most convoluted issue. Most of the advanced procedure hypotheses of inspiration think about inspiration as a procedure of decision the executives (Vroom, 1995). Such meaning of inspiration was given first by Victor Vroom. Vroom (1995) is additionally stated that the individual continually are in an inspiration condition.Thus, as per Vroom (1995) to be the fruitful administrator it is important to show to subordinates that the heading of their endeavors to accomplishment of the reasons inside the association will prompt the brief accomplishment of their own motivations. As indicated by the hope hypothesis of inspiration the subordinates would work the most beneficially on the off chance that they are guaranteed that their anticipation in next three zones will be advocated: (1) the possibility of taking care of business, and (2) the instrumental connection among execution and prizes, (3) the estimation of rewards.These key components of the hope hypothesis will be thought of and investigated underneath. Right off the bat, the exertion †execution hope: When the individual ask himself, â€Å"In what degree I can expect that my endeavors will prompt quantitative and subjective outcomes which are essential for my manager†, the appropriate response is communicated by the term â€Å"expectancy in the connection â€Å"the exertion performance† It implies that as more grounded hope that the endeavors will prompt attractive outcome as greater likelihood that this individual will achieved task well.Secondly, the exhibition reward instrument ality. On the off chance that if worker will gauge clearness of that he ready to play out the given work effectively, he asks himself: â€Å"If I appropriately play out this work, so which grant I can expect and whether it is the honor which I need to get? † Uncertainty emerges all things considered when the specialist is constrained to depend on others. As more grounded the certainty of person that the director will pay the pay guaranteed as the likelihood of that the specialist starts to perform progressively gainful higher. Thirdly, the valence of remunerations. Regardless of whether worker certain about that they ready to play out their work successfully, which the administrator anticipate from them, the subordinates ask themselves an inquiry: â€Å"If will I get the honor which I needed to pick up, whether will it be sufficient important or not so as to fulfill my fundamental needs? † According to Vroom (1995) the response to this inquiry comprises in estimation the estimation of the honor. Moreover, the estimation of remuneration is the most significant component of the inspiration hypothesis and, shockingly, not generally is mulled over by manag

Omnibus Followup Women in Engineering

Omnibus Followup Women in Engineering Last entry, I covered most of the questions that had been asked, but held one question out for further inspection. Melissa had asked, Do you know what the gender ratio is at MIT in engineering (mechE/ECE/ChemE/BioE etc), AFTER four years? I really like that MIT has gotten the admissions up to near 50/50 like startup-school Olin College has, but Im afraid that all my future female companions will end up in all the different liberal arts-non engineering programs you talk about, abandoning engineering. Melissas concerns are reasonable. According to statistics from the Society of Women Engineers (SWE), only 19.7% of undergraduates in engineering in the United States are women, and that number drops to 17.9% by graduation. Luckily, the situation at MIT is much better I spent a few hours crunching the numbers myself to be sure. At MIT, 35% of engineering majors are women nearly twice the national average. And whats more, by senior year, 35% of engineers are still women. In total, more than 90% of the women who start in engineering finish in engineering (the same as the men). Lets take a closer look at a few departments. Nationally, women account for about 27% of undergraduate students in computer science; at MIT for Fall 2006, MITs Department of Electrical Engineering Computer Science is 38% women. And even better, women are the majority of students in Chemical Engineering, Civil Environmental Engineering, and Materials Science Engineering. Women in engineering are well supported here. One great mentoring and support organization is MIT SWE. SWE hosts career workshops, networking dinners, graduate school panels, dinners with professors, study breaks, and more an average of two events each week. SWE is also the co-sponsor of the largest career fair on MITs campus, which brings hundreds of companies to recruit MIT students. This isnt to say that there isnt room for improvement at MIT and in the greater world. But were trying to improve things. For example, there are several programs MIT sponsors that try to get high school students interested in majoring in engineering. One such program is the Womens Technology Program. Also, theres the student-organized Womens Initiative. When it comes down to it, the most important thing will be personal experiences. If/when you visit MIT, I encourage you to ask women about their experiences. I think youll find that, for the most part, its not all that different being a woman in engineering here. I had female friends in all of the different engineering majors at MIT (even ones like Nuclear and Ocean Engineering), and as far as I can tell, they were all quite happy with their experiences. In short, Melissa, you dont have to worry about coming to MIT and having all of your female classmates abandoning engineering for the liberal arts. Your engineering friends, for the most part, will stay with you in engineering all the way through graduation day.

Essay about Antigone - 1326 Words

Antigone; The Tragic Hero nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Antigone is a classic work that never ceases to be analyzed by critics and students around the world. The debate over who is the real tragic hero of Sophocles’ play Antigone is a topic that is heavily discussed. To this day there is still no agreement. Some people believe that Antigone is the real tragic hero of this tragedy, while others believe that the hero is in fact her uncle, Creon. It is logical to say that Antigone is the tragic hero of Antigone more so than Creon because she is a likeable character, extracts pity from the audience, and her plight affects many. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;To begin, Creon’s character is less likeable to the audience. From his very first†¦show more content†¦nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Secondly, Antigone does a good job at extracting pity from the audience. She appeals the sense of emotion with heart felt dialogue. One of the most pitiful points in this play is when she makes her last speech. She then looks back on what actually occurred. This is the first time that Antigone actually realizes her own sorrow. Earlier on she is still blind to the fact that this is the end for her. She will not get to have a life. She will not get to give life to someone else. â€Å"†¦see what I suffer, and from whom, because I feared to cast away the fear of Heaven!† (Oates 291). Here she is appealing to the gods. She is basically saying, â€Å"Look, I am suffering because I so longed to please you (gods). The audience feels sorry for Antigone because she is the accused. Many will side with the accused be cause their future is doomed. Not only does Antigone extract pity from the audience, she extracts it from other characters in the play. Ismene has always been sympathetic of her plight and shows this by trying to share the blame. The chorus is also sympathetic and so they try to persuade Creon that punishing her may not be the best thing. Lastly, Creon is sympathetic toward Antigone. When he first becomes aware that she is the culprit, he tries to give her a way out. â€Å"†¦knewest thou that an edict had forbidden this?† (Oates 282) This line implies that if Antigone denied knowing, she would haveShow MoreRelatedAntigone By Sophocles Antigone1525 Words   |  7 Pagesnothing that the gods demand† (1349-1350). Sophocles’ Antigone takes place in a trying time for the city of Thebes, when Oedipus, their king, and most of the royal family have died, and Creon has just been appointed the new king. Throughout the play, Creon tries on his power as the new ruler, and seems to believe that the gods will not be angry with some of his choices as king, even though they directly violate the divine law. However, in Antigone, when there is a conflict between the divine law andRead Moreantigone987 Words   |  4 Pageshamartia and lastly they need to realize their mistakes and accept their consequences. In Antigone, there are two main characters that fit the criteria of a tragic hero, but only the protagonist, Antigone meets all of the conditions. Antigone meets the second requirement of a tragic heroine, by fulfilling the criteria of being neither entirely good nor completely bad. In the opening of the play, Antigone asks her sister, Ismene to help her give Polynieces a proper burial but Ismene disagrees becauseRead MoreThe Choices Of Antigone And Sophocles Antigone1560 Words   |  7 Pagesthat Antigone and Creon face in Sophocles’ Antigone differ, their decisions often end up pitted against each other’s, inviting comparison. Since I am juxtaposing the characters’ degrees of rightness, I believe that the rightness of the reasoning, not just their ultimate stances, should be examined. The entirety of his or her argument, not just the conclusion, must be taken into account. I’ll also note that my perspective of rightness could and does conflict with that of the gods in Antigone and SophoclesRead MoreCharacterization of Antigone in Sophocles Antigone2448 Words   |  10 PagesSophocles’ tra gic drama, Antigone, presents to the reader a full range of characters: static and dynamic, flat and round; they are portrayed mostly through the showing technique. In â€Å"Sophocles’ Praise of Man and the Conflicts of the Antigone,† Charles Paul Segal takes the stand that there are two protagonists in the drama (which conflicts with this reader’s interpretation): This is not to say that there are not conceptual issues involved in the characters of Creon and Antigone. But the issues areRead MoreAntigone Summary771 Words   |  4 Pagesunburied to rot. Antigone was dejected with Creon’s ruling and decided to bury Polynices herself. She tried to enlist Ismene to help her, but Ismene was to afraid. Antigone furiously continued with the plan on her own. A sentry discovered Antigone and brought her to Creon. Ismene was also brought to Creon and confessed that she had helped Antigone with the burial rites of Polynices. Antigone stopped Ismene and told her not to admit to an act that she had not committed. Antigone took sole responsibilityRead MoreAntigone2454 Words   |  10 PagesAntigone– The Characterization Sophocles’ tragic drama, Antigone, presents to the reader a full range of characters: static and dynamic, flat and round; they are portrayed mostly through the showing technique. In â€Å"Sophocles’ Praise of Man and the Conflicts of the Antigone,† Charles Paul Segal takes the stand that there are two protagonists in the drama (which conflicts with this reader’s interpretation): This is not to say that there are not conceptual issuesRead More Antigone Essay1318 Words   |  6 PagesAntigone Essay In any story or piece of literature, there will always be the main characters to fill the pages with incessant adventure. The characters whose names appear on almost every page and the characters whose actions the story revolves around. However, a story will also always have its minor characters. These are the characters that contribute heavily to the plot, yet arent mentioned quite as often and are underestimated regarding their importance in the story. In the Greek masterpieceRead More Antigone Essay3001 Words   |  13 PagesSUBJECT Antigone is a play about a woman who disobeyed the Kings order to not bury her brother. The play was written by the famous Greek tragedian, Sophocles, in 441 B.C. The story took place in the city of Thebes and the time period is not mentioned. The main characters introduced in the play are of Antigone, Ismene, Creon, and Haemon. The primary focus was centered on Antigone and the consequences she faces after breaking the Kings orders. In the beginning, the author introduced Antigone and herRead MoreEssay on Antigone1426 Words   |  6 Pagesimprudent judgments will ultimately suffer from the consequences of their actions. In Sophocles Antigone, these prejudices notably surface in the form of paternalism as demonstrated through Creons government, highlighting the importance of gender roles throughout the play. Therefore, analyzing the motif of gender roles and its effect on the definition of justice through the perspectives of Ismene, Antigone, and Creon enables the audience to understand how Sophocles macroscopic analogy to humanitysRead MoreAntigone by Sophocles622 Words   |  3 PagesIn the playwright Antigone by Sophocles, the characters reveal their values while exposing a life lessons through their actions, dialogue, thoughts ,and effects on others. Antigone starts with two brothers, Eteocles and Polyneices, being killed at battle. Creon, the king of Thebes, declares that Eteocles’ death will be h onored and Polyneices’ dishonored. He instead will lay unburied to become the food of animals. When the play opens, Antigone takes Ismene, Antigone and Ismene are sisters of the dead

Movie Review The Godfather Part II - 1255 Words

The Godfather Part II is the second movie in the Godfather trilogy, and mentioned as one of the best movies of all time. Is this a fair criticism of the movie? Well, the only way to find out is to dissect a movie and what makes it great. A movie can be critiqued in a variety of ways, but one of the main criticisms is how the visuals explain the story, and bring it to life. The story of a movie, and how it flows, is the pivotal component that draws viewers in and keeps their interest. With movies, one effective way to critique a movie is to observe the believability, and impact of the acting. Film is a visual medium, this is a known fact, however, fitting music can contribute to setting the mood, and tone of a movie. What most makes a movie worth watching is the story, and how it is laid out throughout. Let’s start with the story of The Godfather Part II. The movie’s story is a continuation of where the first movie left off, which is with Michael Corleone as the new don, or head of the family. However, this film is quite different from the first, or any other movie as it shows two different stories at once. One story is of Michael Corleone’s fall and the numerous legal battles he goes through as he tries to legitimize his family business, and the other is the story of Michael’s father, Vito, and his rise to power from young adult to mafia leader (Ebert). The story of Vito Corleone is shown through flashbacks that happen too often for my liking, and are not asShow MoreRelatedOn March 24th, 1972, one of the most widely celebrated and renowned films of all time was released2100 Words   |  9 Pagesreleased to the public. Ranked number two on the American Film Intitutes 100 Years... 100 Movies list, The Godfather by Francis Ford Coppolla is an enormous, groundbreaking film whose power and influence are impossible to deny. Upon its release, it instantly became an American classic, one to be remembered and celebrated for years to come. According to Vincent Canbys New York Times review published before its theatrical release, on March 16, 1972, Francis Ford Coppola has made one of the most brutalRead MoreEssay on Elizabeth3064 Words   |  13 PagesElizabeth The 1998 movie â€Å"Elizabeth,† directed by Shekhar Kapur, from a script by Michael Hirst, is a historical epic that takes place during and after the mid-16th-century period when England’s Princess Elizabeth was nearly eliminated by her half-sister, Queen Mary. It portrays the events of Mary’s death, Elizabeth’s ascension to the throne, and the struggles and events that she must overcome in order to preserve the strength of the English Monarchy, and establish Protestantism as the chiefRead MoreThe Death Of Jean Pierre Grumbach2751 Words   |  12 Pagescritics with his hardboiled crime noir films both in terms of storytelling and filming techniques. So much so that writers coined a term for his films—and those soon to follow by others directors—as the French New Wave, and Melville was the Godfather. Part of Melville’s motivation for this new style was his intense dissatisfaction with the imperious demands of the Director’s Guild as he personally defined the French New Wave as â€Å"an artisanal system, shot on location, without stars, without a standardRead MoreFeds vs Anti-Feds3174 Words   |  13 PagesHamilton Vs. Jefferson December 29, 2006 by Ando hamjeff.jpg I had intended to post Part II of the WWI question last night, but got caught up doing movie reviews on Life of Ando. So to slake your ravenous historical thirst in the meantime, here is my assignment from my history class this past week. If you’re really into American history and how the politics of the early Republic shook out, Jefferson vs. Hamilton is a great study. It’s also a little, I guess comforting, to know that as bad asRead MoreThe Sound and Music Industry15531 Words   |  63 Pagesfinished product it has to pass through a number of areas within the Music Industry. Typically these are:- • actually getting signed and a recording deal with a company/label who then have to (i) physically record and produce the track(s) or album (ii) provide the financial means to pay for all the processes involved in getting the song to market (either paid for by the record company or recouped back from the artist when the record eventually sells and starts to make the artist some money) (iii)Read MoreKellogg Case Book36421 Words   |  146 PagesManagement. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, used in a spreadsheet, or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise – without the permission of the Kellogg School of Management. The 2004 Kellogg Consulting Club Case Book Table of Contents I. Introduction................................................................................................................................. 2 II. How toRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesCritical chain method Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Reducing Project Duration Leadership Chapter 2 Organization Strategy and Project Selection 1.4 Projects and programs (.2) 1.4.1 Managing the portfolio 1.4.3 Strategy and projects 2.3 Stakeholders and review boards 12.1 RFP’s and vendor selection (.3.4.5) 11.2.2.6 SWAT analysis 6.5.2.7 Schedule compression 9.4.2.5 Leadership skills G.1 Project leadership 10.1 Stakeholder management Chapter 11 Teams Chapter 3 Organization: Structure andRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesCongress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Robbins, Stephen P. Organizational behavior / Stephen P. Robbins, Timothy A. Judge. — 15th ed. p. cm. Includes indexes. ISBN-13: 978-0-13-283487-2 ISBN-10: 0-13-283487-1 1. Organizational behavior. I. Judge, Tim. II. Title. HD58.7.R62 2012 658.3—dc23 2011038674 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 10: 0-13-283487-1 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-283487-2 Brief Contents Preface xxii 1 2 Introduction 1 What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Individual 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Read MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pagescountries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York ß Oxford University Press 2006 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2006 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate

Othello commentary Free Essays

Emilie Speaks Her Mind One of Shakespearean famous plays ‘Othello’ is about a black man who marries a white woman, and then murders his wife because of unfounded Jealousy. The play also contains another dysfunctional marriage between Ago and Emilie, which also ends with the husband murdering his wife. Emilie, lagans wife, has never received love from her husband. We will write a custom essay sample on Othello commentary or any similar topic only for you Order Now In Act 4. Scene 3 line 95-115. Amelia’s speech Is structured as if she experienced a lot of stress. She believes that men and women are basically the name and have equal desires and needs. Although she hasn’t spoken with intensity, from her style, her use of literally devices, and also her monologue structure, the audience can feel her distrust of her husband that has been present for a long time. Primarily, by looking at the structure of Amelia’s speech, spectators can notice that Email Is not Just encouraging Desman, she Is also cheering herself. The dictions that Renewal used like â€Å"throwing restraint,† (4. 3. 101), â€Å"scant,† (4. . 102), â€Å"galls† (43. 103), and â€Å"see and smell,† (4. 3. 04) pulls its statements against the iambic line. Also her speech shifts from question to statement. This structure suggests how Emilie has been denied such freedom by Ago. It illustrates that the women may speak their minds and hearts to each other. The second aspect of Amelia’s monologue is her use of literary devices to express wh at she had conquered while living with Ago. She uses metaphors to support her opinion that men are responsible for the failure of the women. She states that when their husbands stop carrying out their duties with heir wives, sometimes women find other romance, â€Å"Say that they slack their duties, And pour our treasures into foreign laps,† (4. 3. 98-99). With her comment, â€Å"Ã'›. They see and smell They see and smell And have their palates both for sweet and sour, As husbands have. † (4. 3. 105-108) Email Is comparing man and women and stating her case for the fact that both man and women have similar senses and needs. Through metaphors Emilie expresses her opinion that man does not see how the needs and desires of men and women are similar. Finally, in Act 4, Scene 3, line 95-115, the audience can find the reflection in Amelia’s own personal experience by her style of speech. In her monologue, there are masses of mixture emotion; confidence, dismay, cynicism, anger. Emilie is not Just consoling Desman, from her tone, the audience can notice she Is also bursting out what she suppresses to her husband up until now. With her regular use of the pronoun â€Å"we†, â€Å"they’, and â€Å"us†, her monologue is expressing the rights of all women. She sees herself as a part of a large group. To sum up, all the readers can analysis Amelia’s monologue to look at the structure of argument; context of the speech and also the literary devices that she used is similar to giving an actor the tools to interpret the role.. As we go over Amelia’s life with Ago and reading Amelia’s speech thought of women should treat like men for all long time. Although Emilie end up with dying at the hands of her husband by attempting to tell the truth to make clear how monstrous a liar Ago is, Emilie can clearly display the characteristics of a strong- minded individual. Emilie can admiring as a women that exemplifies the strength and courage. How to cite Othello commentary, Papers

Governance Audit of Application Procurement †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Governance Audit of Application Procurement. Answer: Introduction: Successful help desk or service desk management is a basic piece of giving great client service and keeping up a decent client relationship. With this as a reason, there are not kidding necessities of bettering the performance gave by help desks or service desks and their appropriate management. It would help managers in obtaining bound together interior and outside performance benefits. The thought is of making little strides towards enhancing service set up of just beginning from the begin and after that to a great extent putting resources into the dynamic strategy. However, relationship with purchasers confront issues at the season of making little strides, as that influences the association to end up plainly more decided on the consolidation and change as opposed to on the inevitable preferred standpoint - furnishing of clients with the best client service and having the best type of association with them (Sparrow 2012). Two most productive parts of a decent help desk or service desk management are examined underneath: Before assuming liability of any form of change endeavors, there is the need of examining what is as of now being done inside the business that are related with the arrangement of help inside the segments of help desk or service desk, customers and different divisions of the association. Distinctively, it may happen that there exists effectively a few groups and divisions that are assuming up the liability of exercises that are like this and there are probabilities that a portion of the real practices are as of now arranged set up inside the association that can be additionally advanced and acknowledged somewhere else (Krisanthi, Sukarsa Bayupati, 2014). Like for instance, inside any product organization and their inner IT bolster, standards of IT infrastructure library (ITIL) are now received, separating form which the client mind group could profit in a direct way from the ITIL technique for episodes, issues, discharge and change management in shifted ranges like following product change, actualizing and following those new products in the market for the clients (Ali, Soomro Brohi, 2013). Reviews of the service level management by dint of service foundation that is offered by the help desk or the service desk and adjusting of the IT arrangements deliberately with the more extensive needs of the business would likewise bolster. Self service solutions are considered by many similar to the best solution on the off chance that they are legitimately utilized inside the association. They contain the capacity of being tremendously productive. They even present the benefits of introducing working out-of-hours coverage that permits any worry the chance of being in consideration for being measured to be taken care of on a priority premise the ensuing day. By and large, the information bases could be recouped by the end user for settling their own particular issues. Looking from the angle of help desk or service desk management, these forms of coverage could be confirm as being tremendously financially savvy, symptomatically taking without end 33% of the brings toward the primary line help desk or service desk especially in regions, for example, call updates and status checking. This circumstance affects enlistment and staffing levels, releasing workforces in more innovative ranges inside concern resolution. As far as this exchange, at a lower level, self-service can go about just like the best solution. It is amazingly crucial that situational dangers like when the end users self-control tremendously specialized resolutions are stayed away from (Jntti, 2013). References Ali, S. M., Soomro, T. R., Brohi, M. N. (2013). Mapping information technology infrastructure library with other information technology standards and best practices.Journal of Computer Science,9(9), 1190. Krisanthi, G. T., Sukarsa, I. M., Bayupati, P. A. (2014). Governance audit of application procurement using COBIT framework.Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology,59(2), 342-351. Sparrow, E. (2012).Successful IT outsourcing: from choosing a provider to managing the project. Springer Science Business Media. Jntti, M. (2013, July). Exploring self-service support methods in IT service management. InService Systems and Service Management (ICSSSM), 2013 10th International Conference on(pp. 179-184). IEEE.

Americas Growing Pains Essays - Quasi-War, , Term Papers

America's Growing Pains America's first two presidents, George Washington and John Adams, both resolutely adhered to the idea that America should endeavor to stay out of war at all times, and did everything in their power to evade declaring and entering into war. Throughout their reigns, war was ubiquitous in Europe, and many countries (especially Britain and France) made numerous attempts to obtain and secure America's support. Washington and Adams both believed that America should not side with any foreign country during times of war making the fundamental purport of America's first foreign policy the elusion of war at all costs. This policy was manifested throughout Washington and Adams' involvement in, and reactions to the following affairs: the Citizen Genet controversy, the Jay Treaty, and the XYZ Affair. One of Washington's initial attempts to pursue this policy was his counteraction to the Genet Affair. In 1793, George Washington proclaimed neutrality, thus declaring America an uninvolved, nonpartisan country in times of war. Simultaneously, Edmond Charles Genet was sent to the United States as a special representative from France to implore support in the French Revolution. Genet had previously resolved that the proclamation of neutrality was a ?harmless little pleasantry designed to throw dust in the eyes of the British?. Commencing in Charleston, South Carolina, Genet traveled throughout the United States presenting his credentials. In addition to his quest for support, he began to license American vessels to operate as privateers against British shipping and to grant French military commissions to a number of Americans in order to prepare expeditions against Spanish and British territorial claims in North America. These two actions were in direct defilement of American law. Washington demanded that he cease his unlawful actions, but Genet continued to commission privateers because he enticed the public opinion. This incident is a lucid manifestation of Washington's ample efforts to avoid war. Genet had copiously essayed to obtain American support in the French Revolution, and in accordance with America's foreign policy, Washington vehemently resisted any involvement in war. In an attempt to deplete the threat of Americans supporting the French, he avowed that Genet would be expelled. Washington's reaction to this controversy verified his foreign policy by showing that he was willing to avoid war at all costs, even if alliances were broken and foreign relations were damaged. In addition to Washington's response to the Genet affair, he further strived to avert involvement in war by signing the Jay Treaty. This treaty was written to prevent war with Britain, but concurrently it strained America's relationship with France by going against their alliance. The provisions made under this treaty did not benefit America whatsoever. Under the Jay Treaty, the British agreed to evacuate the posts in the west, promised to compensate American ship owners for seizures in the West Indies and vowed to open up their colonies in Asia to American ships. The US, however, refused to accept it, because a provision opening the British West Indies to American trade was so obstructed with credentials that limited the size of American vessels and the types of goods allowed. This treaty was embarrassing because most of what the US had gained was already legally theirs. Furthermore, the treaty relinquished important principles to a nation dependent upon foreign commerce. Many democratic Americans felt that this treaty made the United States appear to be selling out to Britain. Despite the negative aspects of the treaty, Washington believed that it was valuable for the United States. It augmented the indication that Washington would go to great lengths to avoid war, specifically humiliating the US and further maligning relations with France. Washington nonetheless held firmly to his foreign policy, advocating it to his successor and the American people in his ?Farewell Address'. John Adams became president in 1796 and continued to preserve Washington's foreign policy. One example that exhibits this was the XYZ Affair. The French began attacking American shipping because they were agitated by the Jay Treaty. John Adams then appointed three commissioners, Charles Pinckney, John Marshall and Elbridge Gerry, to try and arrange a moderate settlement that would eliminate their differences without mentioning the merits. This task was a disaster. Talleyrand, the French foreign minister, sent an agent, later called X, to demand that the Americans pay tributes to France. He also stated that the French would make a settlement only if the Americans agreed to pay these tributes. This demand was later made by two other agents known as Y and Z. The Americans refused and the talks eventually

Website Analysis essays

Website Analysis essays The Rhode Island Department of the Attorney General' s Website is very easily accessed through any Internet provider. The domain address for this site is Http://www.riag.state.ri.us. This site was just uploaded in June when Sheldon Whitehouse took office. The site was completely re designed. When the home page is opened, the background is a soft white. The logo for the attorney generals office is a banner across the top of the page. The page shows a small picture of the Sheldon Whitehouse, the attorney general of Rhode Island. The site links are on the left side of the page. These links are broken-down into three categories: The Department, Divisions, and Public Information. Current news is down the right side. Under neither the picture of Sheldon Whitehouse are some other bulleted links. Below that is a contact line that encourages questions and comments. Along the bottom of the page is a navigation bar that gives the user access to any of the links along the left side of the page. The home page is has a classic WebPages design. The two graphics on the page do the best to not draw away from the overall purpose of the page. The graphics are subtle enough but give it a nice change of pace, other than just text. The design after this is the same on every page. The text or information is on the left and the links are on the right of the page. The links are organized in a block navigation bar. The categories are titled in white with a blue background. The individual links are in black with a yellow background. The navigation box is very user friendly and they work. All of the other information on the page is links also. They are linked in blue hypertext. All information on the home page is linked to articles with more information once selected. Along the left side is the current news. All of the links that are attached to the homepage are design with the same plain white background and have the logo across t ...

Nursing barriers to effective pain management Essay

Nursing barriers to effective pain management - Essay Example A brief overview of the barriers to effective pain management Failure of nurses to proiritise pain relief Some nurses are ignorant to the priority of pain relief as an ethical and moral requirement of the medical profession in relation to denying patients therapeutic support while citing the lack of remedies. Cassell argues that modern medicine has failed to adequately address patient suffering, which should be a core value in an efficient system of medicine (Pasero and McCaffery 2011, pp. 25). The curative model adopted in major healthcare institutions denies chronically and terminally ill patients a chance of good healthcare. This is in support of what Henke, Frogge and Goodman (2005, p. 649) termed as the fear of medical professionals including nurses to be subjected into regulatory scrutiny by governmental agencies. Another nursing barrier towards effective pain management entails the curative model. This model tends to prioritise scientific objectivity undermining the patientâ⠂¬â„¢s own experiences, which could sometimes be more relevant. The clinician is alienated from the patient’s experience of illness, pain, anxiety and emotional distress which are inherent to illness, and with such a chasm existing, the clinician cannot identify with patients suffering (Cox, 2009, pp. 46). This should forms better part of communication between the patient and the nurse. Surgeon Sherwin Nuland best exemplifies the curative model in his description of attempts to treat an elderly, terminally ill patient, Hazel Welch, acknowledging that in pursuit of the cause of illness the patient’s best interests may not be served. In this case, pain alleviation was the priority (Rich, 2006, pp. 56). In essence, the curative model vilifies death as a phenomenon that ought to be fought until all treatment proves futile. This is best exemplified by the negligible number of terminally ill patients under hospice care (Pasero and McCaffery, 2011 pp. 32). The patient is perc eived as a vessel for the disease, and the clinician is mandated to administer the right diagnosis and an accurate prognosis; any need for palliative care is lost in the search for a cure. Curative method does not perceive a condition worse than death while pursuing a cure, for example, a prolonged existence in the vegetative state or extreme pain while pursuing therapeutic interventions. It fails to realise that care is equally important to curing (Moore, 2012, pp. 19). Lack of sufficient knowledge among practitioners The nursing fraternity has continually experienced the lack of adequate training, especially in pain management. Most medical institutions have not been able to offer pain management in their curriculum making it difficult for the nurses to handle patients when they start working at a hospital. However, it is apparent that some of the incidences of lack of sufficient knowledge in the pain management are attributed to ignorance by the nurses themselves. It is up to nur ses to have full information on how they can manage patient’s pain (Thomas 2011, pp. 8). Nevertheless, there is a need for learning institutions to make it mandatory that all nurses undertake a course in pain management. In addition, practicing nurses should be subjected to performance scrutiny by a governmental agency in order to ascertain

Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 15

Rhetorical Analysis - Essay Example If only these surplus resources, which go wasted in many cases, were shared, the world would be free from hunger and malnutrition. This situation only indicates that the affluent are unable to treasure their food while those who suffer from hunger and malnourishment truly realize its value. The irony in most cases is that those people who actually produce our food suffer and die from hunger and poverty. Food is procured from the farmers at a cheap rate and business men make huge profits from their sale leaving the farmers to suffer and die. The spirit of how people treasure food is all based to a large extent on the environment in which every individual is raised. The rising number of fast food restaurants may contribute to the growing economy but they have become one of the major causes for the increasing number of health problems around the world. When food is available in abundance it is less likely that people will treasure them and understand their importance. Food is recognized as the basis for life and is a vital source that connects people across the globe. Shiva’s article focuses on the premise that â€Å"The giver of food is the giver of life" (Shiva), on which the entire article is based. Shiva also points out that â€Å"Food is alive, it is not just pieces of carbohydrate, protein and nutrient†¦.† (Shiva). In India, food is considered to be scared and given to the people by the Creator. Food is something connects the people with their surrounding environment and all the organisms that ar e part of it. Shiva also explains about how the availability of abundant food to the affluent population is affecting their lives. This essentially forms the core of the entire article. The global economy and the various health problems which have cropped up in America and around the world have been largely influenced by food. On one side there are people who want to earn profits from producing

The Condition of the Working Class in england Analysis

The Condition of the Working Class in england Analysis Originally written in German as Die Lage der arbeitenden Klasse in England, The Condition of the Working Class in England, published in 1845 is a study of the proletarians in Victorian England. It was also Friedrich Engels first book, written during his stay in Manchester from 1842 to 1844. He was only 24 years old and son of a German textile manufacturer. He was sent to Manchester to work in a British textile firm owned by his father. Manchester was then at the very heart of the Industrial Revolution, and Engels compiled his study from his own observations and detailed contemporary reports as he immediately states in the Preface to the German Edition that we will analyse further on. It was his research methods which led to the conclusion regarding the structural inequalities which were, and are, inherent in the capitalist system. After considering other historians point of view in this essay I will argue that Engels and his book can indeed be considered reliable. Engels arrived in Manchester at almost the worst period of what was certainly the most catastrophic slump of the nineteenth century.  [1]  He shows that in large industrial cities mortality from disease, as well as death-rates for workers were higher than in the countryside. In cities like Manchester and Liverpool mortality from smallpox, measles, scarlet fever and whooping cough was four times as high as in the surrounding countryside, and mortality from convulsions was ten times as high as in the countryside. The overall death-rate in Manchester and Liverpool was significantly higher than the national average (one in 32.72 and one in 31.90 and even one in 29.90, compared with one in 45 or one in 46).  [2]   Engels has been accused of everything: from taking too gloomy an interpretation of the conditions of the British working class in 1844, to handling his material in a way which falls below generally accepted standards of scholarship by two Manchester University researchers W. H. Chaloner and W. O. Henderson in 1958.  [3]  The British Marxist Historian Eric Hobsbawm, on the other hand, has defended his account vigorously in his book Labouring Men. Most of the people accepted Engels account as standards, even if they disagreed with the analysis and the conclusions and was consistently in print and widely regarded by non-Marxist historians as a reliable account which they could safely recommend to their students.  [4]   Nonetheless gloomy interpretations have been made by a number of other historians or writers such as Elisabeth Gaskell in her social novels Mary Barton or North and South, J.Philips Kay, contemporaries and contemporary journalists and also official reports like the ones used by Engels himself, the Report to the Home Secretary from the Poor-Law Commissioners or Observations on the Management of the Poor in Scotland and its Effects on the Health of Great Towns or the First Report of the Commissioners for Inquiry into the State of Large Towns and Populous Districts. Far more gloomy descriptions have been written down in the same year by a number of other people. Engels clearly does not want to impress, scare or disgust his readers, he gives details, facts and numbers, you can tell that he both used his personal experience of living in Manchester, when he says I have rarely come out of Manchester on such an evening (Saturday) without meeting numbers of people staggering and seeing others lying in the gutter.  [5]  He uses a number of different sources too, from Dr Kays The Moral and Physical Conditions of the Working Class, to Carlyles Chartism (London, 1840) and many more. Conditions in England were bad, filthy. People lived in an ill-ventilated and abominable state. Engels did not exaggerate at all as he personally states: I am forced to admit that instead of being exaggerated, it is far from black enough to convey a true impression of the filth, ruin, and uninhabitableness, the defiance of all considerations of cleanliness, ventilation, and health which characterize the construction of this single district (Old Town of Manchester), containing at least twenty to thirty thousand inhabitants.  [6]  These descriptions are not even a bit revolting compared to the ones of Edwin Chadwick, Secretary of the Poor-Law Commissioners. He in fact writes: The scene which these places present at night is one of the most lamentable description; the crowded state of the beds, filled promiscuously with men, women, and children; the floor covered over with the filthy and ragged clothes they have just put off, and with their various bundles and packages containing al l the property they possess, mark the depraved and blunded state of their feelings, and the moral and social disorder which exists. The suffocating stench and heat of the atmosphere are almost intolerable to a person coming from the open air, and plainly indicates its insalubrity.  [7]   Even worse is the Report of the General Board of Health on the Epidemic Cholera: The worst circumstance about these slaughter-houses is the accumulation of an enormous quantity of animal and vegetable matter in large holes, where they lie festering, fermenting and putrefying together, and from which there is a constant emanation of offensive vapour poisoning the atmosphere (à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) I have seen persons heaving and vomiting. As to the houses, it is utterly impossible to keep the stench out by closed windows; every room is pervaded by it. I am myself obliged to put a handkerchief over my nose and mouth scented with spirits. Most of the neighbours awake with headache, nausea, and loss of appetite. It is one of the most disgusting sights to see the loading of charts; scores of yards of green, blue, or yellow putrid entails hang in festoons over the sides and wheels. I have also seen coagulated blood, and sometimes the whole stuff of a brownish red colour from this addition.  [8 ]   For honesty of intentions I also have to say that other reliable witnesses during the Industrial Revolutions such as British Conservative Statesman and literary figure Benjamin Disraeli or Alexis De Tocqueville in his Journeys to England Ireland do not regard the conditions of the British workers as significantly as Engels or Elisabeth Gaskell. Journeys to England and Ireland heralds Friedrich Engels Conditions of the Working Class in England, but although Tocqueville had been struck by the unhappy conditions of the English working people, he does not seem to have been in touch with Chartist activities in those years.  [9]  Benjamin Disraeli publishes his novel Sybil or The Two Nations trying to trace the difficulties of working classes in England, but then makes one of his characters say that statistics proved that the general condition of the people was much better at this moment than it had been at any known period of history.  [10]  This statistical argument was continue d and affirmed by Professor Silberling and for a generation the cheerful school (Chaloner and Henderson) pinned their faith primarily to him.  [11]  He constructed an index of money wages and of the cost of living for the first half of the nineteenth century and, combining both, arrived at the conclusion that the real wages of the working-class had risen. But he was wrong, because we know that the money-wage rates of a good many, generally skilled workers on time rates, and a lot on piece rates, which are, of course, not very helpful by themselves. We know next to nothing of what people actually earned. How much overtime or short time did they work? How often were they unemployed and for how long? As for the cost of living theory it was equally shaky because it was largely based on guesswork. Chaloner and Henderson point out Engels slips and minor errors, which even Hobsbawm admit that are very numerous. Normally, if a book is full of minor errors and transcription mistakes, it is normal to consider it dishonest, but not in this case. We have to focus on the nature of these inaccuracies. He has been accused to not quote bluebooks textually. A bluebook is a publication that establishes the correct form of case citations or of references to a legal authority showing where information can be found.  [12]  For example he wrote 16 years when the source said 17, he wrote that a sample of children was drawn from one Sunday school, whereas it was two, and so on. This could reduce the credibility of the book, it is true, but in any case readers that want to quote blue-books, should go to the original source in any case. Not that Engels is unreliable: in actual fact, the concrete cases where Engels slips or bias are alleged to have led him to give a wrong or misleading impressi on of the facts, can be counted on the fingers of two hands, and some of the accusations are wrong.  [13]   The first point to make is that most of the descriptions in The Condition of the Working Class in England are not those of Engels himself, but are taken from contemporary reports. Engels used a vast amount of material throughout his book. On a very rough count he used over 30 reports and articles, a number of the second from the Journal of the Statistical Society of London, over 25 official documents, including those of various Commissions of Enquiry (Childrens Employment, 1842 and 1843; Sanitary Conditions of the Labouring Population, 1842) and reports of Hansards Parliamentary Debates (1843 and 1844) and almost 60 newspaper articles. It is true that the majority (30) of the newspaper items were taken from the Northern Star, the central organ of the Chartists, but he also used the Manchester Guardian (10 items) and The Times (8 items) quite extensively. Engels himself says in the Preface to the German Edition:  [14]   Whenever I lacked official documents for describing the condition of the industrial workers, I always preferred to present proof from Liberal sources in order to defeat the liberal bourgeoisie by casting their own words in their teeth. I cited Tories or Chartists in my support only when I could confirm their correctness from personal observation or was convinced of the truthfulness of the facts quoted because of the personal or literary reputation of the authorities I referred to. Always in the Preface to the German Edition he says that he may have made some minor mistakes:  [15]   I know equally well that here and there I may be proved wrong in some particular of no importance, something that in view of the comprehensive nature of the subject, and its far-reaching assumptions, even an Englishman might be unable to avoid; so much the more since even in England there exists as yet not a single piece of writing which, like mine, takes up all the workers. But without a moments hesitation I challenge the English bourgeoisie to prove that even in a single instance of any consequence for the exposition of my point of view as a whole I have been guilty of any inaccuracy or to prove it by data as authentic as mine. Another way of discrediting Engels is to argue that the sources he uses are unpresentative or selective. Henderson and Chaloner say: These blue-books (or books, or pamphlets, or articles) were not disinterested searches for truth. They were compiled by reformers, passionately anxious to abolish certain abuses (or by revolutionaries, passionately anxious to discredit capitalism). Therefore they picked out the worst cases, because these would cause most public indignation.  [16]  But the exact same things and stories came out from nineteenth-century novelist that are reliable without statistics, partly because they are good observers, partly because the episodes described are far from unlikely. There is no strong evidence to the contrary, so why shouldnt we believe Engels? Chaloner and Henderson have tried really hard to shake the gloomy view of the condition of the British labouring people in the first half of the nineteenth-century, they have tried firmly to discredit Engels book , checking every source, discovering every omission and mistake, not to mention some which are not even there. No other book has been subjected to such systematic and scrupulous hostile examination.  [17]  Having basically failed in their attempt to discredit the book, they started affirming that the conditions were awful, but it was not the fault of capitalism, but of the workers themselves that self-induced poverty because of the expenditure on drink, gambling and tobacco. As we already said one of the main reasons that helps us understand why Engels is a reliable witness of the Industrial Revolution is the Preface to the First German Edition where he clearly explains sources and terminology used. We previously analysed the sources, what is now important to understand is the terminology, that always makes things clear from the beginning and leaves no space to misunderstanding. He therefore states:  [18]   I have used the world Mittelklasse all along in the sense of the English word middle class (or middle classes, as is said almost always). Like the French word bourgeoisie it means the possessing class, specifically that possessing class which is differentiated from the so-called aristocracy the class which in France and England is directly and in Germany, figuring as public opinion, indirectly in possession of political power. Similarly, I have continually used the expressions working men (Arbeiter) and proletarians, working class, propertyless class, and proletariat as equivalents. This shows how careful and precise he was. He was very meticulous even when it comes to the structure of his writing: at the end of every chapter he summarizes and repeats the important parts. He wants no confusion, he wants his writing and therefore what he believes and argues to be as clear as possible. For example in a footnote, he clearly states that Dr Kay occasionally confuses the working class in general with the factory workers, but then underlines how excellent the pamphlet is.  [19]   Engels in the fifth chapter, clearly states that he wants to demonstrate that the bourgeoisie is responsible, as a ruling class, for the murder of working-men. The ruling power of society is the class which holds social and political control and therefore bears the responsibility for the conditions of proletarians. Engels is not surprised about what the workers have become given the circumstances they are living in. Obviously their physical, mental and moral status is so badly damaged that they cannot reach an advantage age. He consequently states that their only enjoyments are sexual indulgence and drunkenness to the point of complete exhaustion of their mental and physical energies.  [20]  He blames the society and the bourgeoisie, all throughout his book, making a relation with modern international Socialism, that in 1844 did not yet exist. Engels in the Preface to the English Edition writes that the ideas in his book represent one of the phases of Socialisms embryonic develop ment. Marx, a very good friend of Engels, used his ideas to build up the theory of Communism as the emancipation of society at large, including the capitalist class, from its narrow conditions. The book was received with great approval in socialist circles. For many workers it was the first time they had been aware of the possibility of a working-class movement. However, the revolutionary conclusions within the text were deplored by bourgeois critics, even though they recognized the accuracy of Engels observations. These conclusions might have been revolutionary, but we have to say that they are the result of his research methods and not a preconceived theory of revolution. Engels did not have a theoretical analysis in which to seek the social conditions that would fit his perspective. His early writings such as this book pre-date both his contact with radical thinkers of the time and the formulation of socialist theories. Engels life experience and observations illustrate how the t heory stated in The Condition was informed by reality and shock for what he saw. Engels starting point was therefore not theoretical, but the raw observed facts of capitalist society.  [21]   However what Marx would have probably never done, is describe the Irish as Engels did in chapter 4: Irish Immigration. Yes, Engels by writing this book was trying to support the working class, by blaming disease, poverty and bad conditions on the bourgeoisie. Because of this, of his background thoughts and because of him trying to politically agitate and politically condemn the English middle class, he should have described with a bit more tact the condition of Little Ireland. He should have said that it was because of the industrial revolution and because of the society in which they were force to live, that they were in such awful conditions. He sort of did this at the end of the chapter by stating: What else should he (the Irishman) do? How can society blame him when it places him in a position in which he almost of necessity becomes a drunkard; when it leaves him to himself, to his savagery?.  [22]  However before that we see that not even Engels was immune to racial prejudic e when he describes Little Ireland as a group of a few hundred mean cottages set in masses of refuse, offal and sickening filth, populated by a horde of ragged women and children swarming about here, as filthy as the swine that thrive upon the garbage heaps and in the puddles. The race that lives in these ruinous cottages, behind broken windows (à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦), this race must really have reached the lowest stage of humanity. That race, he argued, was disposed by nature and environment to careless and feckless behaviour, and had brought its dirty habits with it into the hearts of the great English and Scottish towns. Filth and drunkenness, too, they have brought with them, importing a mud cabin level of existence into Britain and degrading and corrupting the English workers through their presence and their competition in the labour market.  [23]  Engels made the mistake of confusing the effects of poverty and ignorance on the poor devil, for the effects of racial characteristic s, but the physical conditions of Little Ireland undoubtedly existed as Engels described them. In conclusion I can affirm, along with historians such as Hobsbawm and using David McLellan words that Engels descriptions can be taken, by and large, as probably the best piece of contemporary evidence that we have available to us.  [24]  The Condition of the Working Class in England is an astonishingly precocious work that recapitulates earlier and contemporary complaints about the damage to human beings created by the rise of industrial capitalism. Seeking to denounce the bourgeoisie for its cruel enslavement and exploitation of the proletariat, his work has still to be considered reliable and accurate. Engels took us through the slums of Manchester and other industrial cities, making us realize and fully understand the disintegration of the individual, the demoralizing influences of poverty, dirt and low environment a disorderly confusion that has been indeed brought by the devastating effects of the industrial society.  [25]  

Acco 310 Midterm

CONCORDIA UNIVERSITY JOHN MOLSON SCHOOL OF BUSINESS DEPARTMENT OF ACCOUNTING ACCO 310/4 Winter 2011 MID TERM EXAMINATION All sections February 11, 2011 6:00 to 9:00 P. M. |Marks |Minutes | | | | | |Question 1 |24 |43 | |Question 2 |25 |45 | |Question 3 |35 |63 | |Question 4 |16 |29 | | |100 |180 | Materials Allowed †¢ Silent, cordless calculators (financial calculators are permitted) †¢ Translation dictionaries QUESTION 1- 24 MARKS- 43 MINUTESPlease answer all parts of this question in your answer booklet PART A- MULITPLE CHOICE Select the Best Answer 1. Which of the following criteria must be met before an event or item should be recorded for accounting purposes? a. The event or item can be measured objectively in financial terms. b. They are probable. c. The event or item is an element. d. All of these must be met. 2. Which of the following is a recordable event or item? a. Changes in managerial policy b. The value of human resources c. Changes in personnel d. None of the se 3. Which of the following never affects the current year’s income statement? a. Correction of an amortization error made two years ago. b. Using raw materials in the production process c.Dividend declaration and subsequent payment d. None of these affect the current year’s income statement. 4. An accrued expense can best be described as an amount a. paid and currently matched with earnings. b. paid and not currently matched with earnings. c. not paid and not currently matched with earnings. d. not paid and currently matched with earnings. 5. If, during an accounting period, an expense item has been incurred and consumed but not yet paid for or recorded, then the end-of-period adjusting entry would involve a. a liability account and an asset account. b. an asset or contra-asset and an expense account. c. a liability account and an expense account. d. receivable account and a revenue account. 6. In posting from the general journal, an expense item was debited to a lia bility account in error. Which of the following is true? a. The net income for the period will be understated by the amount of the expense. b. The net assets at the end of the period will be unaffected. c. The trial balance will be out of balance. d. None of these. 7. Which of the following statements is not an objective of financial reporting? a. Provide information that is useful to users in making resource allocation decisions. b. Provide information about an entity’s economic resources, obligations, and equity/net assets. c.Provide information on the liquidation value of an enterprise. d. Provide information about changes in an entity’s economic resources, obligations, and equity/net assets. 8. In establishing financial accounting standards, â€Å"due process† refers to a. the process of giving interested parties ample opportunity to express their views. b. the practice of researching, creating a task force, issuing an exposure draft and establishing the new GAAP. c. the researching of the legal implications of proposed new accounting standards. d. the requirement that all accountants must receive a copy of financial standards. 9.. The purpose of the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) is to: a. evelop a single set of high quality, understandable and international financial reporting standards for general purpose financial statements† b. develop a uniform currency in which the financial transactions of companies throughout the world would be measured. c. increase the transparency of financial reporting by achieving a single, global method of accounting.d. arbitrate accounting disputes between auditors and international companies. 10. Generally accepted accounting principles include a. specific rules, practices and procedures. b. broad principles and conventions of general applications c. underlying concepts (the conceptual framework) d. all of these. 11. Professional judgement plays an important role in Canada because a. he business environment is complex and there cannot be a rule for every situation. b. Canadian accounting standards are based primarily on general principles rather than specific rules. c. professional accountants have the experience and education that enables them to apply GAAP principles. d. all of these. 12. The exercise of professional judgement does not involve which of the following: a. the use of knowledge gained through education. b. the application of knowledge gained through experience. c. the use of ethical decision making. d. none of these. PART B ( 3 MARKS) Explain why providing information to users is a challenging task. PART C ( 9 MARKS)Presented below are three independent, unrelated statements regarding the formulation of generally accepted accounting principles. Each statement contains some incorrect or debatable statement(s). Statement I The users of financial accounting statements have coinciding and conflicting needs for statements of various types. To meet these needs, and to satisfy the financial reporting responsibility of management, accountants prepare different sets of financial statements for different users. Statement II The AcSB should be responsive to the needs and viewpoints of the entire economic community, not just the public accounting profession. The AcSB, therefore, will succeed because it will deal effectively with all interested groups. Statement IIIStarting on January 1, 2011 all companies in Canada must use IFRS. This is because Canada has extensive economic relations with the United States and all US companies are required to use IFRS. Instructions PROVIDE YOUR ANSWERS IN POINT FORM – DO NOT WRITE AN ESSAY Evaluate each of the independent statements and identify the areas of fallacious reasoning in each and explain why the reasoning is incorrect. Complete your discussion of each statement before proceeding to the next statement. QUESTION 2- 25 MARKS- 45 MINUTES For each of the following items, indicate : A. The appropriate balance sheet classification of the item B. the usual valuation of the item C.The additional disclosure required for the item, if any All of your responses should be in accordance with IFRS. 1. Common shares 8. Long-term bonds payable 2. Prepaid expenses 9. Land (in use) 3. Natural resources10. Land (future plant site) 4. Property, plant, and equipment11. Patents 5. Trade accounts receivable12. Trading securities 6. Copyrights13. Trade accounts payable 7. Merchandise inventory QUESTION 3- 35 MARKS- 63 MINUTES The following schedule was prepared by your colleague to summarize the corrections required to adjust the accounts of WNR Inc. and to form the basis of the revised financial statements that will be prepared for the years ending December 31, 2009 and 2010.    | | | | | | |   |Adjustments required: | | | | | | | |3 |depreciation expense- never previously recorded | | (3,200) | | (4,000) | |4 |Removal of unrealized gain on available for sale investments | (40,0 00) | | – | |5 |Adjust for contingent lawsuit | | | (80,000) |   | – | |Total adjustments | | | | | 111,800 |   | (74,000) | |   |Tax (expense) or saving | | | | | (44,720) |   | 29,600 | |   |Revised Net Income | | | | | 292,080 |   | 145,600 | | Additional Information: The company’s tax rate is 40%. The company has only one class of common shares issued and outstanding, Class A common shares. As at the end of 2009, there were 1,000 shares outstanding for a total value of $10,000. As at the end of 2010, the company had 2,500 common shares issued and outstanding for a total amount of $55,000. The company was incorporated on Nov. , 2008 and began operations on January 1, 2009. On December 15, 2010, the company declared a dividend of $5 per share to all its shareholders of record on that date. The dividend was payable on January 15th, 2011. It is now February 11, 2011 and your colleague, a big winner in this week’s 649 lottery draw, has suddenly quit his job, and left the country indefinitely. Your boss has asked that you review the document left and prepare the following: 1. For each adjustment shown on the schedule, an explanation of what the likely error was, to require the adjustment shown on the schedule. It is believed that all of the adjustments shown on the schedule are correct.Ensure that you explain fully the extent and effect of the error on all relevant accounts (balance sheet and income statement accounts). (10 marks) 2. For each of the adjustments shown on the schedule, prepare the required adjusting journal entry assuming that the books for 2010 are still open. INCLUDE INCOME TAXES (15 marks) 3. Using all of the information from above, prepare a Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity, for the period January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2010 in proper format, including all of the disclosures required as per IFRS and Part 1 of the CICA Handbook. ( 10 marks) QUESTION 4-16 MARKS- 29 MINUTES You have just landed an interview with an exciting new start-up company in the biotech industry.As the company management is comprised solely of cientists, they have hired a local CA firm to interview the applicants for the accounting position that you are interviewing for. The company is anxious that the person they hire be technically proficient in all aspects of financial statement presentation as the rest of the management team is not well versed in the area of accounting and finance. During the interview, the CA asks you to take a short written test to explain fully, the disclosure required, for an enterprise that follows Part 2 of the CICA Accounting Handbook ( Private Enterprise Gaap) with respect to the following areas: 1. Discontinued operations ( 8 marks) 2. Statement of Cash Flows ( 8 marks) You may use point form in your response to these issues.

Global Supply Chain Management

Global Supply Chain Management ERP Business Administration , 3rd year Project by Arhire Alexandru Coordonating professor Pavaloaia Daniel Contents Introduction3 Chapter 1. Issues within the Global Supply Chain Management System4 Chapter 2. Global Supply Chains Management – Company Strategies5 Chapter 3. Global Supply Chain Model6 Chapter 4. The virtualization of Global Supply Chain Management8 Chapter 5. Conclusions10 References11 Introduction In order to understand what global supply chain management is we must first become familiar with the concept of supply chain management. The supply chain management is the network of services, material and information flow that link a firm’s customer relations, order fulfillment and supplier relations processes to those of its suppliers and customers. It is the science of developing a strategy to motivate, control and organize the resources involved in the flow of services and materials within the supply chain†. Nowadays, mo re and more companies source globally, sell globally, or compete with some other company that is involved in such activities. Thus, global supply chain management (GSCM) represents a central area of focus for many businesses and business schools today. Although the extraordinary growth of GSCM attests to its robustness and practical importance, the field is diffuse and complex. Many methods and perspectives on GSCM have emerged from logistics, operations, marketing, management, economics, sociology, personnel, information systems, and international relations. Their diversity and rapid growth make it hard to keep abreast of significant developments. Moreover, many of these approaches have evolved with relative independence, paying little attention to how they relate to existing methods or interrelate with each other.This makes it difficult to accumulate wisdom in the field and to develop a coherent knowledge base to guide research and practice. † Many businesses have found â₠¬Å"global supply chain management† to be an important issue when trying to outsource in regions across their borders. This can be explained by the increase in globalization. To outsource on a global level is difficult because it involves doing business with a variety of companies and suppliers which have their own codes of business conducts and various perspectives on business ethics; mainly on how to trade internationally.Global Supply Chain Management involves two big concepts: the supply chain management concept which was discussed above and the concept of globalization. This concept infers the cross-border movement of good and the emergence of global competitors and opportunities across competing supply chains with an industry. However, the current trend towards the globalization of supply chain management leaves many managers confused. Managers often question the differences between a global market and a single market, in that many of the same conditions exist in both.Alt hough this may be true, the complexities of cross-border operations are exponentially greater than in a single country, and the ability to compete in the global environment often depends on understanding the subtleties that emerge only in cross-border trade—that is, in â€Å"Global Supply Chain Management†. Chapter 1. Issues within the Global Supply Chain Management System For companies to operate on a global level is no easy task. There are many complications that arise from trying to do business across borders. 1. The first issue it faces is the costs and expenses of doing business â€Å"across borders†.Dealing with international business is a difficult task because it involves many types of different businesses in many countries. Costs for the company may involve: renting the required space, state taxes, transportation and others. â€Å"Additionally, companies need to factor in the exchange rate. Obviously, companies must do their research and give serious c onsideration to all of these different elements as part of their global supply management approach. † 2. The second factor that can put a dent into â€Å"global supply management† is the necessary time to conduct all the activities when dealing with this issue. The productivity of the overseas employees and the extended shipping times can either positively or negatively affect the company's lead time, but either way these times need to be figured into the overall procurement plan†. There are multiple factors that can influence the amount of time spent when doing business overseas, factors like: the delay of a shipment due to bad weather conditions, this can also influence the production process, or the time it takes for the merchandise to get clearance through customs.When dealing with the issue of â€Å"global supply chain management† the expression â€Å"time is money† takes a bigger and more literary meaning. 3. Another factor that managers tend t o consider important when dealing overseas is the place where you chose to do business. Some companies may choose technologically developed countries for the obvious reasons: information travels faster, the production process can be sped up and so can the shipment process. Other companies may choose poorer countries just due to the fact that the labor in those types of countries is cheap.And some companies might want to keep their activities somewhere closer to the main headquarters in order to reduce costs and expenses. 4. Probably one of the most pressing issues is that global supply chain managers deal with is the selection of the suppliers. It is a difficult task to try and get the ideal supplier because there are many and making a comparison between them is very difficult due to various issues like being pressured by time or trying to choose the cheapest supplier due to insufficient funds. A company must take its time when choosing the suppliers ost fitted for them and must ana lyze from all perspectives: quality, price, reputation, promptitude and many others. Taking the time to make a thorough research for suppliers on the market should be one of the main priorities of a company. 5. Another issue that can arise in â€Å"global supply chain management† is of logistic nature. Companies that choose to ship their products overseas can encounter issues such as: how many factories or plants does it need? How many suppliers are needed to ensure a fast manufacturing process in order to meet the market demand? Where should the company export their goods and why? For example, if a business uses a number of vendors around Bangalore, India than it may make sense to locate the manufacturing plant that would utilize those supplies in or around Bangalore as well. Not only will this provide lower employee costs, but overall shipping and tariff expenses should also be reduced. This would then save the company money†. Chapter 2. Global Supply Chains Managemen t – Company Strategies For a company to go global is always a difficult and long-term task. It has to face a lot of risks and issues that arise from trying to accomplish such a goal.When faced with the questions of what are the most challenging aspects of going global for a supply chain, managers and executives tend to reffer to the following: * Total resources required to manage supply chain * Recruitment and retention of sufficient local talent * Integration of IT systems between the company and vendors * Degree to which central manageement was required * Degree to which local management was required * Identification and implementation of risk-management strategy * Grater difficulty of managing safety and/or quality Speed at which competitive advantages from extending operations to low-cost markets evened out across us and our competitors * Infrastructure to support local workforce It is inveitable that when a company chooses to go global that it should face these challenge s. Many of them represent a great risk while others are technologically based. Technological development for a company is a key factor for success because especially nowadays, a company that has it’s own IT department and systems can easily gain a competitive advantage. Another important challenge that a company is faced with, is the recruitment of employees.When expanding to different territories finding talented people to work for the company can be a huge challenge. The company may need to transport capable employees from the mother company to new locations in order to ensure a good start for it’s activities in that area. This is why companies need to form a solid strategy for their supply chain and try to prioritize their goals. For example in a research done by McKenzy ; Company in 2008 have shown that the primary strategic goals that companies focus on are: * Reducing costs * Improving customer service Getting new products/services to market faster * Improving pr oduct quality * Reducing comapny’s carbon footprint * Maintaining majority of employees in home region The companies that are trying to emphasise on reducing costs the most are the companies that operate in developing or emerging markets. McKinsey ; Company also says that „perhaps comapnies in countries such as China are trying to anticipate the effect of rising costs (including labor costs and appreciating currencies) on the competitive advantages they currently enjoy as low-cost manufactureres†.The conclusion here is that if companies want to succeed on foreign markets they must develop strong strategies for market penetration, the speed to which the products arrive at the disposal of the customers, hiring competent personel and lowering costs. Chapter 3. Global Supply Chain Model In order for a company to be able to adapt to the everchanging global markets and to manage to keep up with the technological advances it mus have a sound „global supply chain mo del†. Researchers say that in order for a company to succeed it must have a „model of global supply chain agility†. Researchers ike Patty Swafford, Dr. Soumen Ghosh and Dr. Nagesh Murthy, define in their paper intitled „A Model of Global Supply Chain Agility and its Impact on Competitive Performance†, the concept of „global supply chain agility† as „a measure of the supply chain’s ability to efficiently adapt to a rapidly changing global competitive environment to provide and/or services†. They also state that „global supply chain agility† is determined by four componenets of flexibility, which are: * The flexibility of product development * The flexibility of sourcing * The flexibility of manufacturing * The flexibility of logisticsThey also state that „an organization’s information technology flexibility and its industry’s global competitive environment influence its level of global chain agility†. (Patty Swafford, Dr. Soumen Ghosh, Dr. Nagesh Murthy). An example of a practical „global supply chain management† model could be: Chapter 4. The virtualization of Global Supply Chain Management If a long time ago business was conudcted in the old fashioned way, like face to face trading, nowadays it is not required to physically be preasent when closing a deal or trading goods or services. This is mainly because of the Internet.This amazing invention which revolutionized how the entire world works, has rapidly made its way into the world of business and changed it forever. The birth of the Internet has brought to the business world instruments such as „E-business† or „E-commerce† which basicly means „the use of Interned-based computing and communications to execute both front-end and back-end business processes†. With the help of the Internet, comapnies can obtain a greater visibility outside their own borders on what i s happening with their activities and the activities of competitors and thus are able to quickly respond to changes in the market.The adoption of „e-business† can mean, for companies, a better global supply chain with the reductions of costs and expenses, the increase in flexibility and faster reactions in time. Hau L. Lee and Seunjing Whang, say in their paper intiteled „E-Business and Supply Chain Integration† that „ over the past decade a combination of economic, technology and market forces has compelled companies to examine and reinvent their supply chain strategies. Some of these forces include the globalization of business the proliferation of product variety, increasing complexity of supply networks and the shortening of the product life cycles.To stay competitivem enlightened comapnies have strived to achieve greater coordination and collabroation among supply chain partners in an approach called „supply chain Integration†Ã¢â‚¬ . T his means that the Internet plays an important role and will continue to play it in the development of the „global supply chain management† and provide fast and reliable ways of integration for the supply chain. The way in which a company conducts „e-business† will be an important factor in the succes of that company.If a company kows how to use the internet for its „back-end† operations like product development and design, procurement of supplies, production process, keeping inventory, distribution channels, services support, marketing and management then it is very much likely that the company will always be at a competitive advantage. Reseachers Hau L. Lee and Seunjing Whang have identified four key dimensions in which the impacts of „e-business† can be found on „supply chain integration†: a. „Information integration†. Which reffers to „the sharing of information among memebers of the supply chain†.If this system is implemented correctly, without the danger of leaking important company secrets to unwanted parties, then the communication between the memebers of a supply chain can be made easier an thus increase the overall performance. b. „Planning synchronization†. Which refers to „the joint design and execution of plans for product introduction, forecasting and replenishment†. This dimension refers to the ability of the supply chain memebers to use the information provided in order to acomplish their plans and meet their objectives. c. Workflow coordination†. It reffers to „streamlined and automated workflow activities between the supply chain partners†. This means to decide on how the provided information can be used and what is the best way to gain the most out of it. In the end it means to achieve efficiency thorugh technology solutions and to automate many of the cross-company workflow stages. d. „New Business Models†. „E-business allows partners to redefine logistics flows so that the roles and responsabilities of memebers may change to improve overall supply chain efficiency†.Taking an „e-business† approach to supply chain integration can mean improvements in effciency but can also spring new opportunities of business for the company that previously were not possible. For example with the help of the Internet a „supply chain network may jointly create new products, pursue mass cutomization and penetrate new markets and customer segments†. In conclusion, „e-business† and „e-commerce† are two powerfull tools for the integration of the global supply chain across a widespread area of industries and countries.Such instruments have the power to enable a faster and realiable cooperation between memebrs of the „global supply chain† and companies that adopt such methods will surely gain and important competitive advantage on the g lobal markets. The sharing of information benefits not only the company that does the sharing but the whole business community, thus establishing a network of „e-business† between companies all over the world is an important step towards the development of business processes and conducts.The internet not only helps develop a company but it also gives it new business oportunities which can enrich its portfolio and make it more attractive to customers. Chapter 5. Conclusions Considering all that has been said in this paper we can safely assume that the core of a business is its supply chain. Thus if the whole world is involved in doing business then we can say that „global supply chain mangement† is the core of the business world and it is what really „makes the world go round†.The main „driver† that stands behind the „wheel† of an efficient „global supply chain management† is without a doubt the Internet and the instrument known as „e-business†. With the help of the Internet companies now can gain real-time visibility into the flow of their good and services, get information on their suppliers, optimize inventory management, reduce transportation and shipping costs, the oportunity to quickly react to a change or shift in the market in order to respond to the customer needs.However, along with these benefits are the challenges that businesses need to overcome when operating globally. These challenges are related to foreign national economies, logistics, cultures, competition, and infrastructure. These challenges give rise to several risks in global supply chains. In the end â€Å"global supply chain management† is the network that opens countries to cross border trading and is an important part in global business. References * Luvai F. Motiwalla, Jeff Thompson, â€Å"Enterprise Systems for Management†, 2nd edition, Chp. 11, pg 327. John T. Metzner, Theodore P. Stank , Matthew B. Myers, â€Å"Why Global Supply Chain Management†. * http://www. epiqtech. com/supply_chain-Global-Management. htm , accessed on the 19th of May 2012. * McKinsey Global Survey Results, â€Å"Managing global supply chains†, pages 5,6,9. * Patty Swafford, Dr. Soumen Ghosh, Dr. Nagesh Murthy, „A Model of Global Supply Chain Agility and its Impact on Competitive Performance†, pg 2. * Hau L. Lee, Seunjing Whang, â€Å"E-business and Supply Chain Integration†, pages 2 and 4. ——————————————– [ 1 ]. Luvai F.Motiwalla, Jeff Thompson, â€Å"Enterprise Systems for Management†, 2nd edition, Chp. 11, pg 327. [ 2 ]. John T. Metzner, Theodore P. Stank, Matthew B. Myers, â€Å"Why Global Supply Chain Management† [ 3 ]. http://www. epiqtech. com/supply_chain-Global-Management. htm , paragraph 2. [ 4 ]. http://www. epiqtech. com/supply_cha in-Global-Management. htm , parahraph 3. [ 5 ]. http://www. epiqtech. com/supply_chain-Global-Management. htm , paragraph 4. [ 6 ]. http://www. epiqtech. com/supply_chain-Global-Management. htm , paragraph 5. [ 7 ]. http://www. epiqtech. com/supply_chain-Global-Management. tm , paragraph 6. [ 8 ]. McKinsey Global Survey Results, â€Å"Managing global supply chains†, pg 9. [ 9 ]. McKinsey Global Survey Results, â€Å"Managing global supply chains†, pg 5. [ 10 ]. McKinsey Global Survey Results, â€Å"Managing global supply chains†, pg 6. [ 11 ]. Patty Swafford, Dr. Soumen Ghosh, Dr. Nagesh Murthy, „A Model of Global Supply Chain Agility and its Impact on Competitive Performance†, pg 2. [ 12 ]. Hau L. Lee, Seunjing Whang, â€Å"E-business and Supply Chain Integration†, pg 2. [ 13 ]. Hau L. Lee, Seunjing Whang, â€Å"E-business and Supply Chain Integration†, pg. 4.